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Dutty Boukman
Dutty Boukman (Boukman Dutty) (died November 1791) was a slave in Haiti who was one of the most visible early leaders of the Haitian Revolution. According to some contemporary accounts, Boukman may have conducted a religious ceremony in which a freedom covenant was affirmed;〔From an article in the Jamaica Daily Gleaner 17 January 2010, by Carolyn Cooper Professor of Literal and Cultural Studies UWI〕 this ceremony would have been a catalyst to the slave uprising that marked the beginning of the Haitian Revolution.〔Haitianite.com. (Dutty Boukman – Samba Boukman ), 2 December 2006〕
==Background==
Dutty Boukman may have been a self-educated slave born on the island of Jamaica. Some sources indicate that he was later sold by his British master to a French plantation owner after he attempted to teach other Jamaican slaves to read, who put him to work as a ''commandeur'' (slave driver) and, later, a coach driver. His French name came from his English nickname, ''"Book Man,"'' which some scholars, despite accounts suggesting that he was a Vodou houngan, have interpreted as meaning that he may have been Muslim, since in many Muslim regions the term "man of the book" is a synonym for an adherent of the Islamic faith. One scholar suggests that it is likely that Boukman "was a Jamaican Muslim who had a Quran, and that he got his nickname from this."〔(Sylviane Anna Diouf ) and Sylviane Kamara. ''Servants of Allah: African Muslims Enslaved in the Americas''New York University Press, 1998, p. 153〕 Other scholars suggest that Boukman may have practiced a syncretic blend of traditional African religion and a form of Christianity.〔Dubois, Laurent. ''Avengers of the New World'' (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press, 2004), 101.〕
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